Miijtiyankaagal ñiŋowal.La philosophie critique.

Miijtiyankaagal ñiŋowal.La philosophie critique.
Sikki alaa boni e aade tan, ko oon lowaaɗo hakkille mo haawetaake, mo naamdittaako, mo sikkittaako. Ngati seerndi aade e jawdi, aade e leɗɗe, aade e ɗeen geɗe kala ɗe ndillataa, ndaalata, tan ko hakkille. Ɓural hakkille noon, ko naamnditaade, sikkitaade e ñiŋde ɗeen geɗe goodaaɗe, geɗe tawaaɗe, geɗe tafɗe en, geɗe nehɗe en, geɗe finaa-tawaa men, geɗe guuraaɗe hannde e jogorɗe wuureede janngo. Hakille ñiŋoowo ina foti yirbitirde naamnde e losko kala njuɓɓudi toɗɗiindi pinal, faggudu, aadaaji, e kala ko ɓadii walla ko woɗɗi golle, jikkuji, e kala ɗeen tuuknorɗe ɗe renndo ngoo faawii ɗee. Hol sabaabu ɗuum?
Sabaabu ɗuum, ko e oon coodmaa-mi-coodtumaa-mi hakunde hakille e taariinde mum jaajndi, ko laaɓi yaltata, ko selli ƴerata. Ko e ɗeen dille hakille ñiŋoowo, goonga e ganndal mbawata ɓulneede. Ko hakkille ñiŋoowo waɗata kelle taarik e mbaylaandi mum, ɓosnata ɗiin renndooji e ɗiin miijooji penndiiɗi. Kala e nder ngoon renndo , hakkille ñiŋoowo na dammbaa, na sappitaa, na milsitaa, ko majjere waɗata toon yiilo-banngo, ko lorla fiyata toon na aƴƴa, ko ndool-ndoolaagu laamotoo toon. Renndo so saliima hakkille ñiŋoowo, heewi goonɗinde koko fotaani goonɗinde, gollaade ko fotaani gollaade, mawnina ko famɗi, famɗina ko mawni. So hakkille ñiŋoowo dergitaama, loƴaama, ko nguurdam bonɗam e goodal tekmuɗam dookata leñol ngol. Ko ƴiiwoonde nusko, e firtaare ƴerata e kammu ngool leñol. Ngati koko ɓuri faayodinde e aade ittaa, lokñitaa. Ko hakkille ñiŋoore feñini siruuji e ngaluuji cuɗiiɗi to nder maaje, to nder leydi, to dow lewru e to dow ɗeen koode. Ko hakkille ñiŋoore janngita, finndinta, safrata, faginta. Ko kanko sañata ɗiin renndooji ɓurɗi dowlude to bannge potal, to wellitaare, to ndimaagu et toon to deengol hakkeeji aade. So dillere renndoyankoore( la revolution sociale), dillere pinalyankoore( la revolution culturelle), dillere dawruyankoore( la révolution politique), dillere fagguduyankoore( révolution économique), waawi waɗde, yuumta e to leyɗeele hannde jahruuɗi yeeso, ko ƴerde ko ɓooyi e maɓɓe hakkillaaji peertuɗi, peɗɗitiiɗi, caliiɗi ko woowanoo, ko jaɓanoo. Ɗiin hakkillaaji jahruɗi to bannge siyaans (science) e to miijtiyankaagal ( philosophie), ñiŋi aadaaji, ñiŋi dineeji, ñiŋi gowaaɗi, ñiŋi bidaaji, ñiŋi laamuuji, e raɓɓikinaade, ɗi ñiŋi huunde kala. Miijtiayankooɓe (philosophes) waaybe no Socrates en, Platon en, Aristote en, ƴeewi rimɗinde hakkille e donngal ɗiin miijoyeeje e aadayeeje ɓooyde cuddunooɗe hakkille aade gila dawaa-dawi. Ko gila oon sahtu hakkille waawi naatan'de njiilawu goonga, njiilawu ganndal. Njiilawu hol ko woni neɗɗo? Njiilawu hol faayiida e waɗtan nguurndam e goodal? Njiilawu hol no renndo, pinal e ɓamtaare foti yuɓɓirde e ƴellitoraade?
Ko Socrate wiyatno:«kala ko nganndumi, ko mi anndaa hay dara» ''tout ce que je sais, c'est que je ne sais rien'' Faayndaare makko ko hollitde nafoore hakkille ñiŋoowo. E miijo makko, neɗɗo foti e kala sahaa ko naamnditaade, sikkitaade e geɗe kala. Ko e ɗuum, aade heɓata ganndal cellungal ngal aldaa e luure. Platon e Aristote kaali, ñiŋi no feewi renndooji e laamuuji ɗi nguurnoo ɗii. Ko ɗiin dukooli, yalti heen naamne keewɗe, paaytuɗe :Hol ko woni potal? Hol ko woni nuunɗal? Hol ko woni ndimaagu?
Jaabawuuji maɓɓe e nder ɗeen lowe ganndal waawi won'de ƴoogiirɗe mawɗe wonan'de yontaaji garnooɗi caggal maɓɓe. Ko miijooji maɓɓe addani yalmitannde( la Renaissance) waɗoynde e teemedannde 16 ( 16ém siecle). Ko oon wooku-waaka to bannge miijooji toɗɗiiɗi ñeenyal, toɗɗiiɗi coñce, toɗɗiiɗi miijtiyankaagal, toɗɗiiɗi hiisa e ganndal fisik, daɗɗi, walliti mbaylaandi ngaroyndi e teemedannde 17, 18, 19 ( les 17, 18 et 19ém siécles). E nder heen waaɓe no Léonard de vinci, no Raphael ƴellitii to fannu ñeenyal. Rabelais, Harot, Ronsard, Montaigne e fedde ɓeen wonɓe e ''plèade'' ɓamti ɗemngal farayse to coñce e jime. To ganndal kesal waaɓe no Nicolas de cues kollirii kammu o, walla mbiyen winndere nde alaa ɗoo haaɗi (c'est un monde infini). Copernic feñini ko naange woni hakkunde tagofeere nde (le soleil est centre du monde). Galilée baywini leydi na waɗa yiilo-banngo( la terre tourne). Christophe Colombe naatani njiilawu yiitoyde doŋre Amerik. Woɗɓe waaɓe no Hobbs en, John lock en, Hume en, Machiavel en, Voltair en, Pascal en, Descartes en, mbinndi ko fayti e dawrugol, njuɓɓudi renndo, jikkuuji neɗɗo, sirruuji fittaandu e geɗe allayankooje .Ko sahaaji ɗi hakkille na waɗda ngarmi-ngara e hoore mum, e renndo mum, e taaraandi mum. Ngam yiɗde feñinde loowdi, maana e nafoore geɗe ɗe. Ko ɗiin dumunaaji e sabu oon hakkille njiilawu, sikkitaare e losko, pilñiitanɗe mawɗe e renndo tuubaakri mbaɗi, hono filñitannde farayse ( la révolution française), filñitannde engale (révolution anglaise), e filñitannde waɗnoode to amerik. Kono ngoon waraango mbaylaandi yaajiino, toɗɗinooma fannuji nguurndam aade fof gila to jaŋde, to cellal, to foddeeji e to hakkeeji aade, e kala ɗeen gannde cabiiɗi jahrugol yeeso leyɗeele orop, amerik, e asi.To waɗtan, njiɗ-mi hollirde tan, ko nafoore hakkille ñiŋoowo e nder ɓamtaare neɗɗo, ɓamtaare renndo, ɓamtaare ganndal cellungal, nafowal, e ngal aldaa e luural.

JAMAL SOW PARIS /FRANCE